Endocrine Abstracts

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GH deficiency (GHD) has implications throughout the lifespan. In childhood, reduced linear growth is the primary consequence of untreated GHD, while in adulthood, untreated GHD is associated with a number of abnormalities. The phenotype of GHD in adulthood differs depending on timing of onset. Childhood onset (CO) patients have reduced bone mineral content (BMC) and lean body mass (LBM) despite GH replacement therapy (GHRT) during childhood compared with adult onset. These dif...

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All metabolites in the body are in a state of constant flux, and changes in their levels may reflect either increased rate of production or decreased clearance, or both. Stable isotope technology can be used in physiological studies to determine mechanisms mediating changes in metabolites. For example, the decline in blood glucose following administration of insulin could be due to either increased uptake into peripheral tissues, or (as is the case) by suppression of hepatic g...

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The goal of this study was to determine whether ghrelin affect the mean plasma concentrations of Luteinizing hormone, insulin and glucose in the male goat. Twenty male goat were randomly divided into 5 groups. Each group received daily intravenous injection of either 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 or 1.6 ug ghrelin/Kg BW. Blood samples were collected from jugular vein every 30 minutes from 6 hours befor till 6 hours after injection of ghrelin. Samples were assayed for plasma LH, INS and g...

Despite its broad biological importance, the regulation of phosphate homeostasis remains incompletely understood. Important new insights into underlying mechanisms were made by defining the molecular basis of different inherited disorders characterized by an abnormal regulation of phosphate homeostasis. These efforts have led to the identification of three novel regulators of phosphate homeostasis, namely PHEX, FGF23, GALNT3. Additional studies have furthermore revealed hetero...

So far it has been assumed that thyroid hormones -due to their lipophilicity- enter their target cells just by slipping through the membrane. After the initial description of a specific transport molecule for thyroid hormone in 2003 (Friesema et al. JBC) a new paradigm of thyroid hormone physiology has emerged. It turns out that as everything in nature, also the entering of thyroid hormone in its target cell is well regulated and the gate keeper is the MCT8 transporter, at lea...

Leptin, a 167 aminoacid protein product of the ob gene, is an adipocyte-derived hormone that acts as a major regulator for food intake and energy homeostasis. Leptin is expressed mainly in white adipose tissue, but also in stomach and placenta. Leptin circulates in the serum in a free form or bound to leptin-binding proteins. Since its discovery, our understanding of leptin’s biological functions has expanded from antiobesity to broad effects on reproduction, hemat...

The successful establishment of pregnancy is dependent on appropriate embryo development and uterine receptivity. The latter consists of secretory transformation of the glandular epithelial cells followed by decidualisation of the stromal compartment during the mid to late secretory phase of the menstrual cycle. This phase of the cycle is also characterised by extensive tissue remodelling in the superficial layer of the endometrium in preparation for the invasion and implantat...